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Data mining technology was adopted to analyze the rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction with acupuncture and moxibustion. All of the articles for acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of erectile dysfunction were searched from the databases, i.e. Chinese national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP, Chinese biomedical literature database (SinoMed) and PubMed, and the clinical trials on erectile dysfunction treated with acupuncture and moxibustion were screened. The database was set up by using Excel 2019 and input into R 4.0.3, and then, the therapeutic method, use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, collection visualization analysis, cluster analysis and association rule analysis were summarized. A total of 240 articles were included, with 516 prescriptions and 145 acupoints involved. The methods for treatment of erectile dysfunction included acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, acupuncture, acupoint injection, electroacupuncture, etc. The acupoints with high use frequency were Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Mingmen (GV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongji (CV 3), Ciliao (BL 32), Qihai (CV 6), Taixi (KI 3) and Taichong (LR 3). The meridians involved with high frequency were the bladder meridian of foot-taiyang, the conception vessel, the spleen meridian of foot-taiyin, etc. The common acupoint combination was Shangliao (BL 31), Zhongliao (BL 33), Ciliao (BL 32), Xialiao (BL 34) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenshu (BL 23), Guanyuan (CV 4). In association rule analysis (confidence ≥ 90%, support ≥ 20%), there were 27 association rules in total. The acupoint combination with the highest support referred to "Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6)→Guanyuan (CV 4)" (support 46.7%) and the acupoint combination with the highest confidence was "Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Qihai (CV 6)→Guanyuan (CV 4)" (confidence 98.0%). The acupoints could be divided into 5 effective clusters. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy has a certain of rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction, which provides the evidences for modern clinical trial and treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Data Mining , Erectile Dysfunction/therapy , Meridians , Moxibustion , TechnologyABSTRACT
Brucea javanica oil emulsion (BJOE) has been used to treat tumor in China for more than 40 years. However, its components and effectiveness in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its mechanism of anti-cancer activity remain unknown. In the current study, high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) was used to analyze the components of BJOE. Then, the anti-leukemia effects of BJOE were examined both in vitro and in vivo using ALL Jurkat cells and the p388 mouse leukemia transplant model, respectively. The primary ALL leukemia cells were also used to confirm the anti-leukemia effects of BJOE. The apoptotic-related results indicated that BJOE induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells and were suggestive of intrinsic apoptotic induction. Moreover, BJOE inhibited Akt (protein kinase B) activation and upregulated its downstream targets p53 and FoxO1 (forkhead box gene, group O-1) to initiate apoptosis. The activation of GSK3β was also involved. Our findings demonstrate that BJOE has anti-leukemia effects on ALL cells and can induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells through the phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K) /Akt signaling pathway.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Apoptosis , Brucea/chemistry , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 , Jurkat Cells , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics , Seeds/chemistry , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Nine secondary metabolites(S)-5-hydroxy-4-methylchroman-2-one(1), 4-methoxynaphthalene-1,5-diol(2), 8-methoxynaphthalene-1,7-diol(3), 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene(4),(2R,4S)-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-benzopyran-4,5-diol(5),(2R,4R)-3,4-dihydro-4-methoxy-2-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-5-ol(6), 7-O-α-D-ribosyl-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-chromen-4-one(7),(R)-3-methoxyl-1-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)-butan-1-one(8) and helicascolide A(9) were isolated from endophytic fungus Cladosporium sp. JJM22 by using column chromatographies of silica gel and ODS, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were analyzed on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data, especially NMR and MS. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities by examining the inhibitory activities on nitric oxide(NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Compounds 2-4 showed inhibitory activities.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Benzopyrans , Cladosporium , Fungi , Molecular Structure , RhizophoraceaeABSTRACT
Objective:To design a mobile health platform with the features of continuity, interactivity and involvement, which is suitable for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); and to test the effect of this platform which is expected to prolong the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD. Methods:From March to June, 2016, 67 patients with COPD from department of respiration in our hospital were enrolled. They were divided into control group (n = 33) and intervention group (n = 34). The control group received the routine self-management intervention and the intervention group received the mobile health platform to carry out the dynamic, continuous and targeted pulmonary rehabilitation therapy and self-management intervention. They were assessed with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%), COPD Assessment Test (CAT), modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) and Self-management Scale. Results:No statistical differences was found on all the indexes between two groups before intervention (t < 0.945, χ2 = 2.044, P > 0.05). One month after intervention, the score of CAT decreased (t = 4.921, P < 0.001), and was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (t = 3.508, P = 0.001); the score of mMRC improved (χ2 = 7.937, P < 0.05), but no difference was found between two groups (χ2 =1.018, P > 0.05); the score of Self-management Scale significantly increased (t = -5.650, P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (t = 4.812, P < 0.001). Conclusion:The continuous, interactive and participatory mobile health platform designed in this study could effectively improve the quality of life and self-management ability of COPD patients, and prolong the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation.
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Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is the first step to wards alcoholic liver disease (ALD). A beffer knowledge of AFLD will contribute to the prevention and therapy of ALD. It has been found that the occurrence and development of AFLD mainly involve the pathways of cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα),sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs),AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),sirtuin 1(SIRT1),adiponectin and insulin.This review focuses on the importance of PPARα,SREBPs and AMPK pathway in alcoholic steatosis.It's reported that alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde inhibit PPARα and AMPK,and activate SREBP protein directly or indirectly,leading to liver lipid metabolic disorders,reducing the ability of fatty acid oxidation,causing lipid accumulation, and eventually inducing AFLD. Additionally, this review outlines the prospect of a therapeutics of AFLD targetting PPARα,SREBPs and AMPK.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Atrial AutoCapture™ (ACap™) was a new technological development that confirmed atrial capture by analyzing evoked response (ER) with a new method - paced depolarization integral ER detection - and optimized energy output to changes in the stimulation threshold. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of ACap™ function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was a prospective, observational, nonrandomized two-center study. Between November 2008 and August 2014, 102 patients were enrolled from two different institutions. Data were collected by case report forms at enrollment, hospital discharge, and in-office follow-ups scheduled at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months postimplantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ambulatory ACap™ function started to become available for 20.6% of patients at 1 day, then progressed to 30.4% at 7 days, 38.6% at 1 month, 41.6% at 2 months, 47.5% at 3 months, 53.5% at 6 months, and 63.4% at 1 year. The cause of the unsuccessful attempts to perform ACap™ threshold was ER/polarization <2:1. Availability for SD, BND, and HOCM indications had shown better results than AVB indication. For SD indication cases, feasibility was significantly better for SD with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) than SD without pAF (78.4% vs. 35.0% at 1 year, n = 71, P< 0.001). At each stage of the clinical follow-ups, there had been a strict correlation between ACap™ measurements and those conducted manually with P 0.001 (n = 299).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It has been concluded that ACap™ function was safe and effective to confirm atrial threshold and reduce energy output automatically. ACap™ function is unavailable for some patients at early stages of the implantation; however, availability has been progressively increasing during follow-up.</p>
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Recently, the incidence and mortality of cancer has raised. More and more cytotoxic drugs and molecular targeted medicines have been used in clinic. However, most drugs just display a short-term anti-tumor effect. If patients received treatment for a long time, it would arise resistance to chemotherapy frequently. One of its important reasons is the accumulation of drug induced cancer cells. Thus, this paper emphasizes on biological character of drug induced cells, including cell biological phenotype, the change of gene and protein, variation of metabolism, dynamic change of signal transduction pathway and so on. Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of drug induced cells, we propose some strategies to inhibit drug induced cells, which would provide the foundation of clinical therapy and novel anti-tumor drug research and development.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate systematically the effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) supplementation of pregnant women on head circumference of newborn infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A thorough literature search was done for full texts which studied the effect of n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation of pregnant women on head circumference of newborn infants among PubMed, Cochrane Library, Chinese periodical full text database and Wanfang database using the mesh terms as n-3, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, DHA, EPA, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, fish oil, pregnancy, infant. Only randomized controlled trials were chosen for analysis. A total of 74 relevant articles were selected. RevMan 5.0 software was used to perform the Meta analysis on those valid studies. Weighted mean difference was calculated with inverse variance method. The sensitivity analysis was also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight articles met the inclusion criteria, among which 6 literatures were from developing countries and the other 2 from developed countries. All of them were written in English. These studies were reported from 2001 to 2011. Intervention group included 871 objects with n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation, whereas control group included 894 objects with placebo or no supplementation. Supplementation was associated with significantly greater head circumference of the infants in the intervention group than that of the control group (weighted mean difference was 0.17 cm, 95%confidence interval (CI) was 0.01 - 0.32 cm, P < 0.05). But the difference was no long significant according to the sensitivity analysis (weighted mean difference was 0.16 cm, 95%CI was -0.01 - 0.34 cm, P = 0.07). The funnel plot was symmetrical, indicating there was no publication bias between the eight studies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It can't be confirmed whether supplementation with n-3 LC-PUFA of pregnant women can increase the infants' head circumference at birth from present data acquired.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Body Size , Cephalometry , Dietary Supplements , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , SkullABSTRACT
<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>To explore the dynamic change of paeoniflorin content in root of Paeonia lactiflora.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The samples were collected and paeoniflorin content was determined by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results showed that the average content of paeoniflorin was the lowest at 3.05% in the roots collected in May, and during the fruit time it was rather high in August at 4.72%, and in September at 4.58%. The average content showed no significant differences during June to October.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Wild plant of P. lactiflora might be collected for medical use during blooming stage until wilting stage.</p>
Subject(s)
Benzoates , Chemistry , Bridged-Ring Compounds , Chemistry , China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Glucosides , Chemistry , Monoterpenes , Paeonia , Chemistry , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Making textual research on Bencao and documents, this article inquires to the origin and development of genuine medicinal herbs of Shanyao (Rhizoma Dioscoreae) on the points of change of the growing areas and the development of cultivating and processing techniques and clinical uses. The study indicates that the medicinal use of Dioscorea oposita went through several periods: the period of the use of wild D. oposita before Tang dynasty, the period of the mixed use of wild and cultivating D. oposita from Song to the middle of Qing dynasty, and the period of the main use of cultivating D. oposita after the latter stage of Qing dynasty (18th century). It considers that the growing area of genuine medicinal herbs of Shanyao appeared in Ming dynasty and finally formed "Huaishanyao" on the early of 20th century. The acknowledgement of Huaishanyao as genuine medicinal herbs is related closely to its cultivating and processing techniques and clinical uses. The development of cultivating techniques provided the resource of Shanyao, the invention of processing techniques improved its appearance and quality, and the clinical uses and practices by modern and contemporary famous medical men played an important role to the social approval and development of Huaishanyao.
Subject(s)
Dioscorea , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the effect of three Jianpi Buqi recipes on intestinal microflora of Pi-qi-deficiency rat with molecular biology methods and attempt to clarify the mechanisms of therapy.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rat model of Pi-qi-deficiency was induced by exercise fatigue simultaneously diet incontinence and then administrated with the decoctions of Si-jun-zi-tang (including crude drug) (10.8, 3.6, 1.2 g x kg(-1)), Li-zhong-tang (16.2, 5.4, 1.8 g x kg(-1)) and Buzhong Yiqi-tang (14.4, 4.8, 1.6 g x kg(-1)) recipes which were in common use of clinic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). With application of ERIC-PCR (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR) fingerprint analysis, the efficacy on Pi-qi-deficiency and perturbation of intestinal mircoflora of these recipes were examined and evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Remarkable differences of ERIC-PCR profile were found between Pi-qi-deficiency state rats and normal rats. The Shannon's Index (H') was increased when treated with all doses of three Jianpibuqi recipes decoctions and Sorenson's pairwise similarity coefficient (Cs) was also increased significantly after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ERIC-PCR fingerprint can be utilized as an initial screening of changes of the composition of bacterial communities that are associated with the development of intestinal disease. It can also be used to build a better understanding of Pi-qi-deficiency and to investigate the pharmacodynamic effect of TCM on Pi-qi-deficiency. Three Jianpi Buqi recipes are demonstrated to produce pronounced recovery activities on intestinal microflora of Pi-qi-deficient rats, which may be considered one of mechanisms of their performances.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Bacteria , Genetics , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Feces , Microbiology , Intestines , Microbiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the difference between native and nonative herbs by determining contents of seven kinds of flavone for twenty-five samples from seventeen areas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HPLC. Fluid phase: MEOH-H2O-CH3COOH(ICE) (41:59:0.2) and (50:50:0.2). Detection wavelength: 275.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The contents of baicalin are 6%-9%, wogenin are 2%-8%, baicalein are 0.1%-1.6%, neobaicalein are 0.01%-0.2%, wogonin are 0.01%-0.3%, visidulin and oroxylin are trace amounts or undetected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The native and nonative herbs have no distinct differce in absolute component ratio. The ratio of baicalin and wogenin is under three. The ratio of baicalin and baicalein, baicalin and wogonin is between twenty and fifty.</p>